تاثیر زمانهای مختلف امواج ماکروویو روی جوانه زنی برنج

Oriza sativa is one of the highest demands crops and a primary stable food for more than two billion people in the world. Here, we focused on exposure times of microwave frequency effects on the seed germination percentage and rate of rice. The results revealed that the highest germination percentage was obtained from the seeds treated with ten hours exposure times of microwave frequency. After three days of exposure times, 100% of the seeds germinated with a mean germination time (MGTa3) of 2.1 days. Although, the other exposure times of microwave frequency showed moderate effects on germination (GPa3 ranged from 93% to 98%), but they failed to reduce the MGTa3. Treating the seedlings with microwave frequency showed that ten hour exposure times of microwave frequency for six days significantly facilitated and improved the germination indices (primary shoot and root length). Therefore, the technique is expected to benefit for seed germination considering its simplicity the improvement of seed germination percentage and rate, primary shoot and root length in rice, without causing environmental toxicity to produce rice seedlings, which is the most important stage rice cultivation.