بررسی شاخصهای جوانهزنی دو ژنوتیپ لوبیا قرمز حاصل از پایههای مادری تیمار شده با سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی و نیتروژن
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عنوان دوره: سیزدهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران
نویسندگان
1دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد دانشگاه تهران
2دانشجوی دکتری اگرواکولوژی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
3دانش آموخته ارشد دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
4اﺳﺘﺎد ﭘﺮدﻳﺲ ﻛﺸﺎورزی و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺗﻬﺮان
چکیده
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮات اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ و ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن روی ﮔﻴﺎه ﻣﺎدری، ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ ﺑﺬر و رﺷﺪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﭽﻪ دو ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻠﻴﺖ ﭘﻼت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎی آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرت ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ از: ﺗﻴﻤﺎر آﺑﻴﺎری در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ آﺑﻴﺎری ﻧﺮﻣﺎل ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )60 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ از ﺗﺸﺘﻚ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ(، ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﻔﻴﻒ )90 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ از ﺗﺸﺘﻚ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ( و ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ )120 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ از ﺗﺸﺘﻚ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ( و ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻛﻮد ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ: ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، و ﻣﺼﺮف 50، 100 و 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر. ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮر ﺳﻮم ﻧﻴﺰ ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗﻫﺎی ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ رﻗﻢ اﺧﺘﺮ و ﻻﻳﻦ D81083 ﺑﻮد. ﺳﭙﺲ، ﺑﺬرﻫﺎی ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪی ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از آزﻣﻮن ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ اﺳﺘﺎﻧﺪارد و ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ اﻟﻜﺘﺮﻳﻜﻲ ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. اﻳﻦ آزﻣﻮن ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻠﻮکﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ اﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﺑﺮ روی ﮔﻴﺎه ﻣﺎدری ﺳﺒﺐ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﺻﻔﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ درﺻﺪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﭽﻪﻫﺎی ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ، ﻃﻮل و وزن ﺧﺸﻚ رﻳﺸﻪﭼﻪ و ﺳﺎﻗﻪﭼﻪ، و ﺑﻨﻴﻪ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﭽﻪ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. اﺛﺮ ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮ روی اﻳﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻮد و ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻬﺒﻮد آنﻫﺎ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻻﻳﻦ D81083 ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ رﻗﻢ اﺧﺘﺮ در ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﻧﺮﻣﺎل از ﻧﻈﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ ﺑﺮﺗﺮی داﺷﺖ اﻣﺎ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﻲداری ﺑﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ.
ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ، ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن، ﺑﺬر، ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ
ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻛﻠﻴﺪی: ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ، ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن، ﺑﺬر، ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﻲ
کلیدواژه ها
Title
Study of two red kidney bean genotypes seed germination indices produced by mother plants treated by different levels of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizers
Authors
Abstract
To study the germination parameters and early growth in seeds produced by mother plants treated by different levels of drought stress and nitrogen fertilizer, an experiment as split plot factorial with three replications in field condition was carried out. The main factor was three irrigation levels (irrigation after 60, 90 and 120 mm evaporation from open pan class A) and factorial combinations of N fertilizer at four levels (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg N ha-1) and two red bean genotypes (Akhtar and D81083) were assigned in sub-plots. Produced seeds by mother plants were evaluated by standard germination test and electrical conductivity (EC) test. These experiments were carried out as factorial based on completely randomized design. Results showed that drought stress reduced normal seedlings, length and weight of root and shoot, and seedling vigour. Also, effects of nitrogen application on these traits was significant and generally improved seeds germination and seedling growth parameters. D81083 in normal condition was better in germination than Akhtar genotype but, in drought stress condition they didn’t have any significant difference.
Keywords
drought stress, Nitrogen, seed, germination