مطالعه عملکرد و سایر خصوصیات زراعی محصولات تحت نظام های مختلف کشاورزی در منطقه سرد
پذیرفته شده برای پوستر
عنوان دوره: سیزدهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران
نویسندگان
عضو ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزی و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺧﺮاﺳﺎن رﺿﻮی
چکیده
اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﻗﺴﻤﺘﻲ از ﻳﻚ ﭘﺮوژه ﭘﻨﺞ ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺷﻴﻮه ﻫﺎی ﻛﺸﺎورزی ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ در ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﻴﻮه ﻣﺘﺪاول زراﻋﻲ و ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ آن ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺎت زراﻋﻲ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت در دو ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﻲ راﻳﺞ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ و ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدی در ﺣﺎل اﺟﺮا ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ در ﻣﻮرد ﻣﺤﺼﻮل ﺷﺒﺪر و ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎل دوم ﺗﻨﺎوب ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎدی ، ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﮔﻨﺪم-ﺷﺒﺪر - ﭼﻐﻨﺪرﻗﻨﺪ- ﺟﻮ )ذرت ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ ای(-ﮔﻨﺪم ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺟﻠﮕﻪ رخ اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎی ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه )Split plot( در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻠﻮک ﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ و ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎی آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﻴﻮه ﻫﺎی ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺧﺎک ورزی در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ )در ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎی اﺻﻠﻲ( و ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎی ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ )در ﻛﺮت ﻫﺎی ﻓﺮﻋﻲ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻨﺎوﺑﻲ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ ﺗﺮ در ﻫﻴﭻ ﻳﻚ از ﭼﻴﻦ ﻫﺎی ﺑﺮداﺷﺘﻲ، در ﺳﻄﻮح آﻣﺎری ﻳﻚ و ﭘﻨﺞ درﺻﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﺗﻴﻤﺎرﻫﺎی ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮار ﻧﮕﺮﻓﺖ، وﻟﻲ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺑﺼﻮرﺗﻲ ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻛﻞ ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ آﻣﺎری 10 درﺻﺪ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﻗﺮار ﺑﮕﻴﺮد. ﺑﺮ اﻳﻦ اﺳﺎس ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ )30/960 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر(، در ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺪون ﺧﺎﻛﻮرزی و ﺑﺎ ﺣﻔﻆ 30 درﺻﺪ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ
ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد )18/670 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر( ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﺎﻛﻮرزی ﻣﺮﺳﻮم و ﺑﺪون ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺑﻮد.
ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد )18/670 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر( ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﺎﻛﻮرزی ﻣﺮﺳﻮم و ﺑﺪون ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﮔﺬاﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺑﻮد.
کلیدواژه ها
Title
Study on the yield and other agronomical characteristics of crops under different agricultural systems
in cold region of Khorasan-Razavi proviance
Authors
Abstract
This research is a part of 5-years project that is conducted to compare conservation and conventional agricultural methods and their effects on crops yield and agronomical characteristics in two conventional and suggested rotation systems. This study is about clover related to the second year in suggested rotation system (Wheat - Clover - Sugar beet - Barley (Silage maize ) -Wheat ) that was conducted in Jolge-E-Rokh research station . Experiment was conducted as split-plot in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Treatments were various tillage methods in three levels (main plot), and plant residual management in three levels (sub plot) and they were studied in rotation system program. Fresh forage yield was not influenced by considered treatments in any harvested times in statistical levels, %1 and %5, but differential rates of forage yield were effected by plant residual rates in %10 statistical level. Highest forage yield (30.960 t/ha) obtained in No tillage system and saved %30 plant residual. Lowest forage yield (18.670 t/ha) obtained in conventional tillage system and with no saved residual.
Keywords
Clover – Conservation tillage – Plant residual – Rotation –yield