شناسایی منابع ژنتیکی مقاومت به بیماری های زنگ زرد و سفیدک پودری جو

The use of disease-resistant cultivars is known as the most effective, economically sound and environmentally safe method for the control of some important diseases of cereals including rusts and powdery mildew. The objective of this study was to identify sources of genetic resistance to powdery mildew and yellow rust in 141 commercial European barley cultivars. In 2011-2012cropping season the experimental genotypes were sown in Agricultural Research Station of Torogh (Mashhad) and were evaluated for agronomical traits and powdery mildew resistance. In the second cropping season (2012-2013) the cultivars were evaluated in Torogh and Araghi Mahale station (Gorgan) against powdery mildew and in Ardabil station against yellow rust. Furthermore, 18 cultivars that showed good field performance and resistance to powdery mildew were selected and compared with Bahman and CB-83-17 (local checks) in a preliminary yield trial in Torogh station in 2012-2013 cropping season. Based on the results of this experiment, 8 cultivars that showed yield superiority over the checks and mostly were powdery mildew and yellow rust resistant were selected and introduced to the breeding program. Our results also indicated that a number of cultivars showed a high level of powdery mildew and yellow rust resistance and could be used in breeding programs as the resistant parent to transfer the resistance gene(s) to the new cultivars.