اثر کود دامی و کشت مخلوط ذرت با گاودانه بر جذب و غلظت عناصر غذایی و عملکرد دانه گاودانه

In order to study the effect of farmyard manure (FYM) application and intercropping of corn (Zea mays L.) and bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia L.) on the nutrients content and concentration and yield of bitter vetch seed, a factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications on the 2010 growing season at field conditions. The factors were types of cultivation at two levels (sole bitter vetch, bitter vetch+corn intercropping) and FYM at three levels (0, 30 and 60 tons per hectare). At the end of growth period, bitter vetch seed yield and contents and concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn were measured. The results showed that by application of 60 ton FYM per ha the bitter vetch seed yield was significantly increased. The bitter vetch seed yield in the sole bitter vetch system was significantly greater than the bitter vetch +corn intercropping system. The contents and concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn in bitter vetch seed were significantly increased by increasing the level of FYM. The bitter vetch seed contents and concentrations of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na and the contents of Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn in the sole bitter vetch system were significantly greater than the bitter vetch +corn intercropping system. However, the bitter vetch seed concentrations of Fe, Cu, Mn and Zn in the bitter vetch +corn intercropping system were significantly greater than the sole bitter vetch system (2.1, 12.5, 6.3 and 3.3 %, respectively). According to improvement of corn plant nutrition and bitter vetch seed micronutrients concentrations and higher biomass yield the intercropping of corn with bitter vetch and application of FYM at the rate of 60 tons per hectare can be recommended.