تأثیر قارچ میکوریزا و کود فسفر در کاهش اثرات تنش کم آبی در لوبیا قرمز

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عنوان دوره: سیزدهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران
نویسندگان
1داﻧﺸﺠﻮی ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ زراﻋﺖ، داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻮﻋﻠﻲ ﻫﻤﺪان
2عضو ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ و اﺻﻼح ﻧﺒﺎﺗﺎت داﻧﺸﻜﺪه ﻛﺸﺎورزی داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻮﻋﻠﻲ ﻫﻤﺪان
چکیده
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺎرچ ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا و ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﻛﺎﻫﺶ اﺛﺮات ﺗﻨﺶ ﻛﻢ آﺑﻲ در ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ در ﺳﺎل 1392-1391 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘـﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻛﺸﺎورزی ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن اراک ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ اﺳﭙﻴﻠﺖ ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮک ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳـﻪ ﺗﻜـﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻫﺎی آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﻲ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ (ﺷﺎﻣﻞ آﺑﻴﺎری ﭘﺲ از 60، 90 و120 ﻣﻴﻠﻲ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ از ﺗﺸﺖ ﺗﺒﺨﻴﺮ ﻛﻼس A) ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت اﺳﭙﻴﻠﺖ، ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دوم ﻛﻮد ﺳﻮﭘﺮ ﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺗﺮﻳﭙﻞ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ (ﺻﻔﺮ، 50 و 100 درﺻﺪ ﻣﻴﺰان ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﺷﺪه و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻮم ﻗﺎرچ ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا در دو ﺳـﻄﺢ ﻋﺪم ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد و ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻗـﺎرچ ﮔﻮﻧـﻪ Glomus mosseae ) ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺗﻨﺶ آﺑﻲ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﮔﻴﺎه، ﻃﻮل ﻏﻼف و وزن ﺻﺪ داﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻗﺎرچ ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺬﻛﻮر ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داری اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻴﺰان 50 درﺻﺪ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻴﺎز ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺒﺼﻔﺎت ﺑﺮاوردی ﺷﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﻴﺎن داﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ در ﺷﺪت ﻫﺎی ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﻛﻢ آﺑﻲ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻮﺛﺮ ﻗﺎرچ ﻫﺎی ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا و ﻣﻘﺎدﻳﺮ ﻛﻤﻲ ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴـﻔﺮ در زراﻋﺖ ﻟﻮﺑﻴﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪی اﺛﺮات ﻛﻢ آﺑﻲ را ﺑﺮﻃﺮف ﻛﻨﺪ.
کلیدواژه ها
 
Title
Effect of mycorrhiza and fertilizer phosphorus effects of water stress in bean
Authors
Abstract
To investigate the consequences of the application of mycorrhiza to reduce the use of water in agriculture, phosphate and resistance to bean field experiment in 1391-1392 at the Agricultural Research Center, Arak city as split factorial in the form randomized complete block design with three replications. Experimental factors include water stress at three levels ( irrigation after 60 , 90 and 120 mm evaporation from pan class A) in the main plots , the second factor Triple super phosphate levels ( zero , 50 and 100 % of the recommended amount third factor mycorrhiza in two levels ( no application, and the application of fungus Glomus mosseae)) , respectively. The results showed that with increasing water stress, plant height, pod length and seed weight decreased, but the application of mycorrhiza significantly increased all the characteristics. Also, 50 percent of the required amount of phosphate fertilizer also resulted in improved traits were estimated. Finally, it can be stated that the average severity of dehydration effective application of mycorrhiza fungi and small amounts of phosphate fertilizers in agriculture beans can be partly the effect of dehydration overcome.
Keywords
plant, water stress, phosphate fertilizer, Mycorrhiza