بررسی اثر مصرف خاکی و برگپاشی آهن و روی بر عملکرد و شاخصهای برداشت بابونه آلمانی

Chamomile is a valuable and known herb that used in various industries of cosmetics, pharmaceutical and health. This experiment was conducted to evaluate two methods of soil and leaf application of iron and zinc on yield and harvest index of chamomile in a greenhouse at the University of Tabriz. The research was conducted as a completely randomized design (CRD) with 12 treatments and three replications. Treatments were as follow: A: control, B: 30 mg FeSO4.7H2O kg dry soil-1, C: 22 mg ZnSO4.7H2O kg dry soil-1, D: 30 mg FeSO4.7H2O + 22 mg ZnSO4.7H2O kg dry soil-1, E: foliar spray of FeSO4.7H2O (3.5 gl-1), F: foliar spray of FeSO4.7H2O (7.0 gl-1), G: foliar spray of ZnSO4.7H2O (2.5 gl-1), H: foliar spray of ZnSO4.7H2O (5.0 gl-1), I: E+G, J: E+H, K: F+G, L: F+H. Results showed that the effect of different fertilizer treatments on capitol yield, essential oil percentage and harvest index of essential oil was significant but on harvest index of capitol was not significant. the highest capitol yields were observed in the two treatments of iron + zinc soil application (D) and leaf application of iron 7 per thousand + zinc 5 per thousand (L) that were increased 68.8 and 52.6 % compared to control, respectively. Treatments of D, L, K, J and I significantly increased the essential oil percentage and harvest index of essential oil when compared to control, respectively. Finally, it is concluded that soil or leaf application of iron + zinc has more advantages than taking them apart on quantity and quality of chamomile. When there is no possibility of soil application, leaf application can be replace.