اثر کود نیتروژنی بر عملکرد و محتوای اسانس بابونه آلمانی در چین‌های مختلف

Nowadays, in many countries, medicinal plants and their active substances are replaced instead of synthetic drugs. German chamomile is an aromatic plant from the Asteraceae family that is used to treat many diseases in most regions of the world. To evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield and essential oil content of chamomile in different cuttings, an experiment was carried out in 2008 on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Agricultural Research Station, University of Tabriz. Treatments were no-fertilizer (N0), application of 50 (N1), 100 (N2) and 150 (N3) kgN/ha (Urea). Since 50% flowering of each plot, flowers were harvested every 10 days. Nitrogen and cutting were considered as main and sub-plots, respectively. The results showed that the use of nitrogen fertilizer increased flower yield by 31-40.4% and essential oil yield by 46.2-57.4% in comparison to the control (N0). Flower yield and essential oil were similar with application of 50, 100 and 150 kgN/ha. Maximum flower yield obtained from second and third cuttings and the minimum amount was observed in first one. The highest and the lowest essential oil percentage were related to the first and third cuttings, respectively. The maximum essential oil yield was obtained from second cutting.