ارزیابی اثر سطوح کود فسفر بر انتقال مجدد ماده خشک، فتوسنتز جاری و اجزای عملکرد دو رقم برنج
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عنوان دوره: سیزدهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران
نویسندگان
1داﻧﺸﺠﻮی ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ زراﻋﺖ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﮔﻴﻼن
2هیئت علمی گروه زراعت دانشگاه گیلان
3دانشجوی دکتری زراعت دانشکده علوم زراعی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
4دانشجوی اسبق زراعت دانشگاه گیلان
چکیده
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮ (ﺻﻔﺮ، 40، 80 و 120 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر) ﺑﺮ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﻚ، ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ و اﺟﺰای ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد دو رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻫﺎﺷﻤﻲ و ﺧﺰر آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪای ﺑﺼﻮرت ﻓﺎﻛﺘﻮرﻳﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮکﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار در ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﺮﻧﺞ ﻛﺸﻮر در ﺳﺎل 1391 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدی (ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﺮ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮک،ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ داﻧﻪ ﭘﺮ در ﻃﻮل ﺧﻮﺷﻪ، ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮک در ﻃﻮل ﺧﻮﺷﻪ، درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎروری ﺧﻮﺷﻪ)، ﻣﻴﺰان، ﺳﻬﻢ و ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﻚ و ﻣﻴﺰان، ﺳﻬﻢ و ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺟﺎری ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ اﺛﺮ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ ﺑﺮ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ دار ﺑﻮد. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان، ﺳﻬﻢ و ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﻚ (ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 6/5 ﮔﺮم در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، 46/5 و 27/58 درﺻﺪ) و ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰان،ﺳﻬﻢ و ﻛﺎراﻳﻲ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺟﺎری (ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 7/75 ﮔﺮم در ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، 32/7 و 53/5 درﺻﺪ)در ﺗﻴﻤﺎر80 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﺛﺒﺖ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻓﺴﻔﺮ از 80 ﺑﻪ 120 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ اﻧﺘﻘﺎل ﻣﺠﺪد ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﻚ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ و ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﻓﺘﻮﺳﻨﺘﺰ ﺟﺎری اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻓﺴﻔﺮ، ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﺮ، ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ داﻧﻪ ﭘﺮ در ﻃﻮل ﺧﻮﺷﻪ و درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎروری ﺧﻮﺷﻪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ و ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮک و ﻓﺮاواﻧﻲ داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮک در ﻃﻮل ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﻛﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮری ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮای دو رﻗﻢ ﺧﺰر و ﻫﺎﺷﻤﻲ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺪود 114 و 83 و درﺻﺪ ﺑﺎروری ﺧﻮﺷﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 96و 74 و ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﭘﻮک ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺣﺪود 41 و 4 از ﺗﻴﻤﺎر 120 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم ﻓﺴﻔﺮ در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ.
کلیدواژه ها
Title
Evaluation of phosphorus levels on dry matter remobilization, photosynthesis and yield components in two rice cultivars
Authors
Abstract
Abstract
In order to study the effect of phosphorus levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 Kg.ha-1 P) on dry matter remobilization, current photosynthesis and yield components in two rice cultivars Hashemi and Khazar, a field experiment carried out in a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Rice Research Institute, Rasht, Iran, in 2012. Measured traits were included yield components -grain number (GN), non-fertile spikelet (NFS), spikelet fertility percentage (SFP), filled grain frequency panicle-1 (FGF) and non-fertile spikelet frequency panicle length-1 (NFGF)- dry matter remobilization (DMR) amount, contribution and efficiency and current photesynthesis (CPH) amount, contribution and efficiency. Analysis results showed that the phosphorus effect was significant on all measured traits. The highest dry matter remobilization amount, contribution and efficiency (6.5 g.plant-1, 46.5% and 27.58% respectively) and the lowest current photosynthesis amount, contribution and efficiency (7.75 g.plant-1, 32.7% and 53.5% respectively) were recorded in 80 Kg.ha-1 P treatment. With increasing level of P from 80 to 120 Kg.ha-1 related traits with DMR were decreased and related traits with CPH were increased. Also with increasing P levels, GN, FGF and SFP were increased and NFS and NFGF were decreased. So that for Khazar and Hashemi, the highest GN (about 114 and 83 respectively) and SPF and the lowest NFS (about 41 and 4 respectively) were observed in 120 Kg.ha-1 P treatment.
Keywords: Phosphorus, Photosynthesis, Remobilization, Rice
In order to study the effect of phosphorus levels (0, 40, 80 and 120 Kg.ha-1 P) on dry matter remobilization, current photosynthesis and yield components in two rice cultivars Hashemi and Khazar, a field experiment carried out in a factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Rice Research Institute, Rasht, Iran, in 2012. Measured traits were included yield components -grain number (GN), non-fertile spikelet (NFS), spikelet fertility percentage (SFP), filled grain frequency panicle-1 (FGF) and non-fertile spikelet frequency panicle length-1 (NFGF)- dry matter remobilization (DMR) amount, contribution and efficiency and current photesynthesis (CPH) amount, contribution and efficiency. Analysis results showed that the phosphorus effect was significant on all measured traits. The highest dry matter remobilization amount, contribution and efficiency (6.5 g.plant-1, 46.5% and 27.58% respectively) and the lowest current photosynthesis amount, contribution and efficiency (7.75 g.plant-1, 32.7% and 53.5% respectively) were recorded in 80 Kg.ha-1 P treatment. With increasing level of P from 80 to 120 Kg.ha-1 related traits with DMR were decreased and related traits with CPH were increased. Also with increasing P levels, GN, FGF and SFP were increased and NFS and NFGF were decreased. So that for Khazar and Hashemi, the highest GN (about 114 and 83 respectively) and SPF and the lowest NFS (about 41 and 4 respectively) were observed in 120 Kg.ha-1 P treatment.
Keywords: Phosphorus, Photosynthesis, Remobilization, Rice
Keywords
phosphorus, Photosynthesis, Remobilization, rice