مطالعه ترکیبپذیری عمومی و خصوصی ارقام گندم نان تحت شرایط تنش خشکی
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اصل مقاله (140.46 K)
عنوان دوره: سیزدهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران
نویسندگان
1کارشناسی ارشد و استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، البرز، ایران
2غزاله بیریای 1، خداداد مصطفوی 1، منوچهر خدارحمی 2 -1 کارشناسی ارشد و استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، البرز، ایران
3استادیار مؤسسه تحقیقات، اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، البرز، ایران
چکیده
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ژﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ در 7 رﻗﻢ ﮔﻨﺪم ﻧﺎن ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﻼﻗﻲﻫﺎی دایآﻟﻞ، از روش ﮔﺮﻳﻔﻴﻨﮓ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. واﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ارﻗﺎم ﻫﺎﻣﻮن، اﻟﻤﻮت، C-84-12، ﮔﺎﺳﭙﺎرد، ﻗﺪس، ﻣﻐﺎن1 و اﻓﺸﺎر و ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎی ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺗﻼﻗﻲﻫﺎی ﻳﻚﻃﺮﻓﻪ آنﻫﺎ، در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﻲ92- 1391 ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﻃﺮح آﻣﺎری ﺑﻠﻮکﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺷﺮاﻳﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ ﻣﻮرد ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. در اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ، ﺻﻔﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﻳﻪ وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ، ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻣﺮﺑﻌﺎت ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺻﻔﺖ ﻣﺬﻛﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. اﻳﻦ اﻣﺮ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﻨﻮع ژﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺑﻴﻦ ارﻗﺎم و ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎی ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ درﺻﺪ ﻫﺘﺮوزﻳﺲ ﻣﺜﺒﺖ ﺑﺮای ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ )55/95 ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ارﻗﺎم ﻫﺎﻣﻮن و ﻗﺪس ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ دارای ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ و ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ، ﺑﻴﻦ ارﻗﺎم ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار ﻣﻴﺎﻧﮕﻴﻦ ﻫﺘﺮوزﻳﺲ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ واﻟﺪ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﺮای ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎیC-84-12 ×
ﻣﻐﺎن1 و C-84-12 × ﻗﺪس ﺑﻮد. ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮی ﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﻧﻘﺶ اﺛﺮات اﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮاﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ ژنﻫﺎ در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ژﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ واﻟﺪﻳﻦ در ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺮای ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ، ارﻗﺎم ﻫﺎﻣﻮن و اﻟﻤﻮت ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ SCA ﺑﺮای ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎی ﻫﺎﻣﻮن × ﻗﺪس و C-84-12× ﻣﻐﺎن1 ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.
ﻣﻐﺎن1 و C-84-12 × ﻗﺪس ﺑﻮد. ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮی ﻫﺎی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ و ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺸﺎندﻫﻨﺪه ﻧﻘﺶ اﺛﺮات اﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ و ﻏﻴﺮاﻓﺰاﻳﺸﻲ ژنﻫﺎ در ﻛﻨﺘﺮل ژﻧﺘﻴﻜﻲ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ واﻟﺪﻳﻦ در ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮی ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺮای ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ، ارﻗﺎم ﻫﺎﻣﻮن و اﻟﻤﻮت ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ SCA ﺑﺮای ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻫﻴﺒﺮﻳﺪﻫﺎی ﻫﺎﻣﻮن × ﻗﺪس و C-84-12× ﻣﻐﺎن1 ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.
کلیدواژه ها
Title
Study of GCA and SCA in wheat bread varieties under drought stress
Authors
Abstract
To study the genetics of drought tolerance in seven wheat varieties by using diallel crosses, Griffing's method was used. Parents included, Hamun, Alamut, C-84-12, Gaspard, Ghods, Moghan1and Afshar with hybrids derived from one way crosses in 2012-2013 crops year by using a randomized complete block design with three replications under drought conditions were evaluated. In this study, grain yield per square meter
was determined. Based on the analysis of variance, mean squares of genotypes for these traits were
significant. This result is indicative of genetic diversity among cultivars and hybrids. Hamun and Ghods respectively maximum and lowest yield per square meter between the figures. The highest positive heterosis observed for grain yield per square meter (55.95). The highest average heterosis over better parent for grain yield of hybrids, was C-84-12 × Moghan1 and C-84-12 × Ghods. SCA and GCA was significant, that indicated the role of additive and non-additive gene in genetic control of traits. The best parents in GCA for grain yield were Hamun and Alamut. The highest SCA for grain yield of hybrids Hamun × Ghods and the C-84-12 × Moghan1 was observed.
was determined. Based on the analysis of variance, mean squares of genotypes for these traits were
significant. This result is indicative of genetic diversity among cultivars and hybrids. Hamun and Ghods respectively maximum and lowest yield per square meter between the figures. The highest positive heterosis observed for grain yield per square meter (55.95). The highest average heterosis over better parent for grain yield of hybrids, was C-84-12 × Moghan1 and C-84-12 × Ghods. SCA and GCA was significant, that indicated the role of additive and non-additive gene in genetic control of traits. The best parents in GCA for grain yield were Hamun and Alamut. The highest SCA for grain yield of hybrids Hamun × Ghods and the C-84-12 × Moghan1 was observed.
Keywords
Bread wheat, Dialle, GCA, SCA, heterosis