بررسی تاثیر سطوح مختلف کود نیتروژن بر عملکرد و اجزا عملکرد گیاه ماریتیغال
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عنوان دوره: سیزدهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران
نویسندگان
1دانشیار دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز
2دانشجوی کارشناس ارشد دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز
3دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه زابل
چکیده
ﻣﺎرﻳﺘﻴﻐﺎل ﮔﻴﺎﻫﻲ ﻳﻜﺴﺎﻟﻪ و ﻣﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺸﻜﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻋﺼﺎره ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺑﺮگ و داﻧﻪ آن ﺑﺮای درﻣﺎن ﺑﻴﻤﺎریﻫﺎی ﻛﺒﺪی ﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد. ﻧﻴﺎز اﺑﻲ اﻳﻦ ﮔﻴﺎه ﻛﻢ اﺳﺖ و ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺮای اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ دراﻣﺪ ﻛﺸﺎورزان در ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺧﺸﻚ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﻲ ﺑﺮای ذرت در ﭼﺎرﭼﻮب ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﮕﻮی ﻛﺸﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻛﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﺼﺮف ﻛﻮد ازت ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ.
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻮد ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدی ﮔﻴﺎه داروﻳﻲ ﻣﺎرﻳﺘﻴﻐﺎل، آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮکﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﻜﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻛﻮد اوره در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ 50، 100 و 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻏﻮزه و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻛﻞ، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮد ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻏﻮزه و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم اوره در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر، ﺑﺪﺳﺖ اﻣﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 100 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم اوره ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻄﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻛﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ اﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داری ﺑﺮ وزن ﻫﺰارداﻧﻪ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ..
ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻛﻮد ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮدی ﮔﻴﺎه داروﻳﻲ ﻣﺎرﻳﺘﻴﻐﺎل، آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮکﻫﺎی ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ در ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﻜﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. در اﻳﻦ آزﻣﺎﻳﺶ ﻛﻮد اوره در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ 50، 100 و 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر اﻋﻤﺎل ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻏﻮزه و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﻛﻞ، ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻛﻮد ﻧﻴﺘﺮوژن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺖ. ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﻏﻮزه و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 150 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم اوره در ﻫﻜﺘﺎر، ﺑﺪﺳﺖ اﻣﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﺳﻄﺢ 100 ﻛﻴﻠﻮﮔﺮم اوره ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ. ﺑﻄﻮر ﻛﻠﻲ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻣﻴﺰان ﻛﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺖ اﻣﺎ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ داری ﺑﺮ وزن ﻫﺰارداﻧﻪ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ..
کلیدواژه ها
Title
Effect of different levels of nitrogen on yield and yield components of Silybum marianum L.
Authors
Abstract
Silybum marianum is a drought-tolerant annuals plant that the extracts of the leaves and seeds are
used to treat liver disease. This plant has low water requirements is a good species to increase the
income of farmers in dry areas and is a good substitute for corn in the crop pattern changes with minimal Nitrogen fertilizer use. In order to examine the nitrogen on S. marinum yield, an experiment was performed in a Block - randomized complete design with three levels of urea (50, 100 and 150 kg/h) in three replications. The results showed that plant height, boll number and total
yield, were affected by nitrogen levels. Maximum number of boll and yield obtained at 150 urea per
hectare, but the greatest height obtained in 100 kg of urea per hectare. Generally yield component increased with increasing of urea to a certain level, but had no significant effect on Grain 100 weight.
used to treat liver disease. This plant has low water requirements is a good species to increase the
income of farmers in dry areas and is a good substitute for corn in the crop pattern changes with minimal Nitrogen fertilizer use. In order to examine the nitrogen on S. marinum yield, an experiment was performed in a Block - randomized complete design with three levels of urea (50, 100 and 150 kg/h) in three replications. The results showed that plant height, boll number and total
yield, were affected by nitrogen levels. Maximum number of boll and yield obtained at 150 urea per
hectare, but the greatest height obtained in 100 kg of urea per hectare. Generally yield component increased with increasing of urea to a certain level, but had no significant effect on Grain 100 weight.
Keywords
Urea, Silybum marianum, Yield, yield component