بررسی اثر کودهای بیولوژیک میکوریزا و کود آلی ورمیکمپوست بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد گندم (رقم تجن) آلوده به فوزاریوم سنبله

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عنوان دوره: سیزدهمین کنگره زراعت و اصلاح نباتات ایران
نویسندگان
1داﻧﺸﺠﻮی ﻛﺎرﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ارﺷﺪ ﻋﻠﻮم ﺧﺎک داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ
2اﺳﺘﺎدﻳﺎر ﮔﺮوه ﻋﻠﻮم ﺧﺎک داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ
3استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی دانشگاه زابل،
4استادیار گروه زراعت دانشگاه زابل
چکیده
ﻓﻮزارﻳﻮم ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻣﺨﺮبﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺑﻴﻤﺎریﻫﺎی ﮔﻨﺪم در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﻣﻮاد ﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﺮای اﻧﺴﺎن و دام ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ اﺛﺮ ﻛﻮد ﺑﻴﻮﻟﻮژﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا و ﻛﻮد آﻟﻲ ورﻣﻲﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد و اﺟﺰاء ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد ﮔﻨﺪم )رﻗﻢ ﺗﺠﻦ( آﻟﻮده ﺑﻪ ﻓﻮزارﻳﻮم ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ،آزﻣﺎﻳﺸﻲ ﮔﻠﺨﺎﻧﻪای در آﺑﺎن 91 در داﻧﺸﮕﺎه زاﺑﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﻛﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﻲ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﻜﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا و ورﻣﻲﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت وزن ﺧﺸﻚ اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ و وزن ﺧﺸﻚ رﻳﺸﻪ، وزن ﺻﺪ داﻧﻪ و ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. اﻣﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻃﻮل ﺳﻨﺒﻠﻪ، ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد داﻧﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲدار ﻧﺸﺪﻧﺪ. در ﺻﻔﺎت وزن ﺧﺸﻚ اﻧﺪام ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ و وزن ﺻﺪ داﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار از ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ورﻣﻲﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﻋﺪم ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻛﻮد( ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ 14/58 و 35/80 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، در ﺻﻔﺖ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد داﻧﻪ، ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ 57/30 درﺻﺪ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ داﺷﺖ. در ﺻﻔﺖ وزن ﺧﺸﻚ رﻳﺸﻪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار از ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ﻛﻮدﻫﺎ ﺑﻪدﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲرﺳﺪ ﻣﻴﻜﻮرﻳﺰا و ورﻣﻲﻛﻤﭙﻮﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﺖ دارا ﺑﻮدن ﻣﻮاد ﻣﻐﺬی و ﻧﻘﺶ آنﻫﺎ در ﺟﺬب، ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ ﮔﻴﺎه را در ﺑﺮاﺑﺮ ﺑﻴﻤﺎری ﻣﻘﺎوم ﻛﻨﺪ و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ داﻧﻪای ﺑﺎ ﻋﻤﻠﻜﺮد و وزن ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮی ﻛﻨﺪ.
کلیدواژه ها
 
Title
Effect of mycohrrizal biofertilizer and vermicompost organic fertilizer on yield and yield Components of wheat (Shirudi figure) infected with Fusarium head blight
Authors
Abstract
Fusarium head blight is one of the most destructive disease of wheat around the world, that product toxic for human and livestock. in order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal biofertilizers and vermicompost organic fertilizer on yield and yield Components of wheat (Tajan figure) infected with Fusarium head blight, a greenhouse project on november 91 in Zabol University as a completely randomized design with three replications. Results showed that mycorrhiza and vermicompost on shoot and root dry weight, 100 seed weight and seed yield were significant. But the spike length, plant height and seed yield were significant. The shoot dry weight and 100 seed weight were the highest value use of vermicompost in comparison to the 58/14 and 80/35% increase. in the seed yield trait, mycorrhizal was incresed 30/57% compare to control. the
root dry weight trait, the highest amount of fertilizer application were compared to control treatment. The
results showed that mycorrhizal and vermicompost due to their role in the absorption of nutrients, the plant was able to resist disease and produce seed with a higher yield.
Keywords
Fusarium head blight, wheat, Mycohrrizal, vermicompost