ﺑﻬﻴﻨﻪﺳﺎزی اﻟﻘﺎء ﺟﻨﻴﻦزاﻳﻲ در ﻛﺸﺖ ﺑﺴﺎک ﻧﺨﻞ ﺧﺮﻣﺎ( Phoenix dactylifera L) ﺑﺎ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﺗﻴﻤﺎر ﻛﻠﺸﻲﺳﻴﻦ

Because of compatibility and high natural tolerance to adverse environmental conditions such as drought, salinity and high temperature, Date Palm plays an important social and economic role in desert areas of the Middle East and North Africa. Androgenic is one of the important and applied breeding procedures that can be used in Date palm breeding. Anther culture is a common method in production of haploid and doubled haploid plants. To this end male inflorescences were harvested in the appropriate developmental stage. Separated anthers after temperature pretreatment, were transferred to the modified Y3 medium containing different concentrations of colchicine (125- 250- 500- 1000 mgl-1) with different exposure times (12- 24- 36-48 hours). Experiment was run based on factorial experiment in completely randomized design. Based on results different concentrations of colchicines, different exposure times and their interaction had a significant different effect on callus induction. Among used concentration in used concentration in 1000 mgl-1 and 125 mgl-1, the range of callus was very law, and also the 500 mgl-1 concentration and duration of 12 hours had the highest range of callus in concentration of 500 mgl-1 and duration of 36 hours the least direct embryogenesis was occurred. The results of this showed that with using of suitable levels of colchicine and suitable duration can produce callus and embryo in dates.